Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Regulates Invasive Trophoblast Cell Differentiation and Hemochorial Placentation [ChIP-seq]

In first trimester human placentas, PPARG transcripts and protein were detected in the EVT cell column and increased in amount as human TS cells differentiated into EVT cells. Disruption of PPARG impaired differentiation of human TS cells into EVT cells, including failure to activate their downstream gene regulatory network and migratory capacity. Invasive trophoblast cells of the rat placentation site similarly expressed PPARG.

Invasive trophoblast cell-specific conditional inactivation of PPARG was used to assess the in vivo role of PPARG in placentation. PPARG was established as a cell-autonomous regulator of the invasive trophoblast cell lineage with profound effects on placentation, including effects on placental compartmentalization and the integrity and cellular composition of the uterine-placental interface. In conclusion, PPARG is a conserved regulator of placentation and is essential for directing trophoblast cell-guided uterine transformation