MERRA-2 Monthly Gridded Innovations and Observations IASI_METOP-B 0.5 x 0.625 degree V1 (M2_IASI_METOP-B)

GIO data are created by binning observations and innovations onto grids consistent with MERRA-2 specifications and storing them in NetCDF format for convenient access. This dataset serves multiple purposes: it shows which data was assimilated (where and when), enables systematic evaluation of observing system impacts in reanalysis, provides a resource for teaching data assimilation concepts, and offers training data for machine learning and artificial intelligence applications.

This collection includes monthly mean and standard deviation values for brightness temperature (mean_obs, stdv_obs) from satellite sensor IASI_METOP-B along with observation data counts (nobs_obs), and assimilation statistics, including: (a) forecast departure, or observation minus forecast (OmF) (mean_omf, stdv_omf); (b) analysis departure, or observation minus analysis (OmA) (mean_oma, stdv_oma); and (c) bias corrections for satellite radiances (mean_bias, stdv_bias).