GEBDA. Global Election Boycotts Database 1.0

This way it encourages comparisons of both the contextual factors that, in isolation or as a conjuncture, operate as causal routes or condition their relevance, and the post electoral and government formation scenarios promoted by the results of different kinds of election boycott.

GEBDA results from the analysis of 1668 presidential and parliamentary elections held in 179 countries between 2000 and 2022. The product is a universe composed of 356 boycotted elections that have taken place in 70 countries over this period.