Data · collection
The whole Hapex-Sahel experience data
Listed in NASA Earthdata CMR
HAPEX-Sahel: the Hydrology-Atmosphere Pilot Experiment in the Sahel, 1990-1992.
Description
(The following text is an extract of : Geographical, biological and remote sensing aspects of the Hydrologic Atmospheric Pilot Experiment in the Sahel (HAPEX SAHEL) by S.D. Prince, Y.H. Kerr, J.-P. Goutorbe, T. Lebel, A. Tinga, J. Brouwer, A.J. Dolman, E.T. Engman, J.H.C. Gash, M. Hoepffner, P. Kabat, B. Monteny, F. Said, P. Sellers, J. Wallace, to be published in RSE) HAPEX-Sahel (Hydrological and Atmospheric Pilot Experiment in the Sahel) is an international land-surface-atmosphere observation program that was undertaken in western Niger, in the west African Sahel region.
The overall aims were to improve our understanding of the role of the Sahel on the general circulation, in particular the effects of the large interannual fluctuations of land surface conditions in this region and, in turn, to develop ideas about how the general circulation is related to the persistent droughts that have affected the Sahel during the last 25 years. The field program obtained measurements of atmospheric, surface and certain sub-surface processes in a 1deg x1deg area that incorporates examples of many of the major land surface types found throughout the Sahel.
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An important consideration was that the data must to be applicable to the scales of current general circulation models (GCM). In order to obtain data for this large area, an extensive measurement program was undertaken including field, aircraft, and satellite remote sensing measurements, mainly between mid1990 and late1992. An intensive operations period was undertaken for 8 weeks from mid to late growing season of 1992.
HAPEX- Sahel was initiated in response to the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Global Energy and Water Cycles Experiment (GEWEX) which aims to determine the fluxes of water and energy globally in order to quantify the energetic processes of the Earth's climate system and the forcing functions on the ocean, land, ice and vegetation. GEWEX recognizes the need for more realistic measurements of major global environments, especially critical areas that are thought to have strong influences on the general circulation.
It is possible to have on-line information: 'ird.fr/hapex/'
Links
Catalogue records · 2
- CMR record cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214605551-SCIOPS.html ↗
catalogue entry · from NASA CMR
- CMR UMM-JSON cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214605551-SCIOPS.umm_json ↗
metadata API · from NASA CMR
Topics
- Stated by source
- Absorption · Active Microwave Instrument · Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer · Aerosol Extinction · Aerosol Radiance · Agricultural Lands · AIRCRAFT · Albedo · Atmospheric Pressure Measurements · Bidirectional Reflectance · Biomass Dynamics · Brightness Temperature · Cloud Frequency · Co2 Flux · Cultural Features · Deserts · Discharge · Droughts · Emissivity · Emissivity · European Remote Sensing Satellite-1 · Evaporation · Evapotranspiration · Grasslands · GROUND STATIONS · Ground Water Chemistry · Herb Biomass · Humidity · Incoming Solar Radiation · Infiltration · Infrared Flux · Infrared Imagery · Land Surface Temperature · Latent Heat Flux · Leaf Area Index · Longwave Radiation · National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-11 · National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-12 · Ndvi · Net Radiation · Not provided · NS-001 Thematic Mapper Simulator · Optical Depth/Thickness · Plant Characteristics · Polarization/Directionality of the Earth's Reflectance-1 · Potential Temperature · Precipitation Amount · Radiometer Hyper-frequence Multi-frequence · Rain · Reflectance · Reflectance · Runoff · Savannas · Sensor Counts · Shrubland/Scrub · Soil Depth · Soil Heat Budget · Soil Moisture/Water Content · Soil Structure · Soil Temperature · Solar Irradiance · Surface Roughness · Surface Thermal Properties · Surface Winds · Synthetic Aperture Radar · Systeme Probatoire Pour l'Observation de la Terre-1 · Systeme Probatoire Pour l'Observation de la Terre-2 · Thermal Infrared · Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner · Trace Gases/Trace Species · Transmittance · Vegetation Index · Visible Flux · Visible Imagery · Wet Bulb Temperature
- Inferred from text
- Hydrology 69% · Satellite remote sensing 75% · Text 75%
Provenance · 1 source records, 84 field assertions
| Source | Key | Last seen | Raw |
|---|---|---|---|
| NASA Earthdata CMR | C1214605551-SCIOPS | 8 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Field | Assertion | Extractor | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| access_level | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:group:3707 | enrichment · NASA CMR | taxonomy-embedding@1.1.0 | title+keywords+description (69%) |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:ami | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:avhrr | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:ns-001-tms | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:polder-1 | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:portos | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:sar | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[instrument].gcmd_instrument:tims | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/aerosols/aerosol-extinction | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/aerosols/aerosol-radiance | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-chemistry/carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds/carbon-dioxide/co2-flux | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-chemistry/trace-gases-trace-species | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-pressure/atmospheric-pressure-measurements | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/absorption | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/albedo | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/emissivity | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/heat-flux/latent-heat-flux | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/incoming-solar-radiation | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/longwave-radiation | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/optical-depth-thickness | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/reflectance | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/solar-irradiance | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/solar-radiation/net-radiation | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-radiation/transmittance | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-temperature/surface-temperature/air-temperature/wet-bulb-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-temperature/surface-temperature/potential-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-water-vapor/water-vapor-indicators/humidity | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-water-vapor/water-vapor-processes/evaporation | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-water-vapor/water-vapor-processes/evapotranspiration | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/atmospheric-winds/surface-winds | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/clouds/cloud-properties/cloud-frequency | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/liquid-precipitation/rain | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/precipitation/precipitation-amount | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/atmosphere/weather-events/droughts | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/ecological-dynamics/ecosystem-functions/biomass-dynamics | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/ecosystems/anthropogenic-human-influenced-ecosystems/agricultural-lands | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/ecosystems/terrestrial-ecosystems/deserts | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/ecosystems/terrestrial-ecosystems/grasslands | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/ecosystems/terrestrial-ecosystems/savannas | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/ecosystems/terrestrial-ecosystems/shrubland-scrub | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/vegetation/biomass/herb-biomass | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/vegetation/leaf-characteristics/leaf-area-index | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/vegetation/plant-characteristics | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/vegetation/vegetation-cover/ndvi | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/biosphere/vegetation/vegetation-index | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/human-dimensions/infrastructure/cultural-features | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/soils/soil-depth | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/soils/soil-heat-budget | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/soils/soil-moisture-water-content | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/soils/soil-structure | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/soils/soil-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/surface-radiative-properties/emissivity | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/surface-radiative-properties/reflectance | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/surface-radiative-properties/reflectance/bidirectional-reflectance | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/surface-thermal-properties | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/surface-thermal-properties/land-surface-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/land-surface/topography/surface-roughness | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/spectral-engineering/infrared-wavelengths/brightness-temperature | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/spectral-engineering/infrared-wavelengths/infrared-flux | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/spectral-engineering/infrared-wavelengths/infrared-imagery | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/spectral-engineering/infrared-wavelengths/thermal-infrared | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/spectral-engineering/visible-wavelengths/sensor-counts | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/spectral-engineering/visible-wavelengths/visible-flux | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/spectral-engineering/visible-wavelengths/visible-imagery | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/terrestrial-hydrosphere/ground-water/ground-water-chemistry | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/terrestrial-hydrosphere/ground-water/ground-water-processes-measurements/discharge | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/terrestrial-hydrosphere/ground-water/ground-water-processes-measurements/infiltration | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[measured_variable].gcmd:earth-science/terrestrial-hydrosphere/surface-water/surface-water-processes-measurements/runoff | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[modality].local:modality:remote-sensing | enrichment · NASA CMR | keyword-concept-rules@1.0.0 | title+description (75%) |
| concepts[modality].local:modality:text | enrichment · NASA CMR | keyword-concept-rules@1.0.0 | title+description (75%) |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:aircraft | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:ers-1 | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:ground-stations | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:noaa-11 | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:noaa-12 | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:not-provided | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:spot-1 | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[platform].gcmd_platform:spot-2 | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | |
| description | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/Abstract |
| spatial | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/SpatialExtent |
| temporal | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/TemporalExtents |
| title | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 | /umm/EntryTitle |
| version_label | source · NASA CMR | connector:nasa_cmr@1.0.0 |