Data supporting the manuscript “Responses of rhizosphere fungi to elevational gradients: distinct diversity and specialization of mycorrhizal and plant-pathogenic fungi in subalpine forests.”

ASV column names match the headers in `ASVsequences.fasta`.## Sequence processingThe fungal ITS1 region was amplified with ITS1F and ITS2R and sequenced as paired-end 250-bp reads on an Illumina Nova 6000 platform. Reads were quality-filtered with fastp and processed in QIIME2 using DADA2. Taxonomy was assigned by BLAST against UNITE v.10.2 at 97% similarity.

Guilds were inferred with FUNGuild; MF and PF should therefore be described as **putative** guilds.## Metadata fields| Column(s) | Description | Unit/coding ||---|---|---|| `ID`, `Plot`, `Species` | Sample ID, plot, and host species | Text || `Elevation_Belt`, `Elevation` | Elevational belt and actual plot elevation | m || `type` | Host mycorrhizal type | `EcM`, ectomycorrhizal; `AM`, arbuscular mycorrhizal; `ErM`, ericoid mycorrhizal || `RNC`, `RPC`, `RCC` | Root N, P, and C concentrations | g 100 g⁻¹; g 100 g⁻¹; g kg⁻¹ || `SRL`, `RTD`, `RBI`, `RD` | Specific root length, tissue density, branching intensity, and diameter | mm mg⁻¹; mg mm⁻³; number mm⁻¹; mm || `phy1`-`phy48` | Host-phylogeny Moran’s eigenvector map axes | Unitless || `geo1`-`geo8` | PCNM spatial eigenvectors | Unitless || `pH`, `SOC` | Soil pH and soil organic carbon | Unitless; g kg⁻¹ || `A.K`, `A.P`, `H.N` | Available K, available P, and hydrolyzable N | mg kg⁻¹ || `total_C`, `total_N`, `total_P`, `total_K` | Total soil C, N, P, and K | g kg⁻¹ || `C/N`, `N/P` | Soil C:N and N:P ratios | Unitless || `MAP` | Mean annual precipitation | mm || `AMAT`, `ATAR`, `AMTW`, `AMTC` | Air mean temperature, annual range, warmest maximum, and coldest minimum | °C || `SMAT`, `STAR`, `SMTW`, `SMTC` | Soil mean temperature, annual range, warmest maximum, and coldest minimum | °C || `SWR`, `SWD` | Rainy- and dry-season soil water content | % |## Notes- Abundance values are rarefied sequence counts, not raw reads or relative abundances.- MF and PF were rarefied separately and to different depths; total counts should not be compared directly between matrices.- Preserve sample and ASV identifiers exactly when linking files.## Contact- Lian-Ming Gao: gaolm@mail.kib.ac.cn- Ya-Huang Luo: luoyahuang@mail.kib.ac.cnPlease cite the associated article and the Figshare dataset record when using these data.