Data Sheet 1_Anti-PLA2R antibody levels and clinical risk factors for predicting relapse in primary membranous nephropathy.pdf

Among the 96 patients (62.34%) who achieved remission (either partial or complete) within 12 months, 17 (17.71%) experienced a relapse; the median time from treatment initiation to relapse was 23 months. The baseline anti-PLA2R antibody level in the relapse group was significantly higher than that in the non-relapse group (p < 0.001). In the 3-month landmark model, anti-PLA2R antibody seropositivity at 3 months (≥ 14 RU/mL) was independently associated with a higher subsequent risk of relapse (HR 9.44, 95% CI 2.69-33.21; p < 0.001), whereas a greater increase in serum albumin from baseline to 3 months was associated with a lower relapse risk (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74-0.98; p = 0.03).

The 3-month landmark model demonstrated better model fit and discrimination than the 6-month landmark model, with a lower AIC (123.41 vs. 138.84) and a higher C-index (0.83 vs. 0.66).</p>Conclusion<p>In this exploratory study, anti-PLA2R antibody seropositivity and a blunted increase in serum albumin after 3 months of treatment were identified as potential risk factors for relapse among patients with pMN who achieved remission.

Larger-scale studies are warranted for further validation.</p>