Study of the Surface of SPCE Modified with MWCNTs

001-003 SPCE modified with 0.25 % (w/v) MWCNTs recorded at magnifications of 10k, 50k, and 100k, respectively; 001-003 SPCE modified with 1 % (w/v) MWCNTs recorded at magnifications of 10k, 50k, and 100k, respectively；FTIR spectra of 0.25 %(w/v) and 1 %(w/v) MWCNTs, showing concentration-dependent surface functional groups；XRD patterns of bare SPCE and SPCE modified with 0.25 %(w/v) and 1 %(w/v) MWCNTs, highlighting the graphitic (002) diffraction peak at 2θ ≈ 26.4°; Raman spectra of bare and MWCNTs-SPCE, displaying the characteristic D, G, and 2D bands and illustrating the effect of MWCNT concentration on nanotube loading and structural order.