Seasonal frost penetration, Sleepers River Research Watershed, Vermont, USA, Version 1

Tubes were positioned in forested and non-forested cover types. The forest cover includes beech, birch, maple hardwoods with a 7% slope and 240 degree aspect, mixed conifer (spruce and balsam) and hardwoods with a 3% slope and 240 degree aspect, and coniferous forest with a 3% slope and 240 degree aspect.

The open areas include two large non-cultivated agricultural fields (with approximate 5% slopes and aspects of 240 and 15 degrees) and a small heavily instrumented opening. Site data were generally recorded weekly. Snow depth was measured with a metal meter ruler while frost readings were measured from a plastic tube filled with methylene blue dye suspended in a PVC outer tube.