Supplementary file 1_Preoperative depressive symptoms as a marker of postoperative delirium risk in older adults: a prospective cohort study in spine surgery.docx

Each one-point increase in the depression subscale score was associated with higher odds of POD (odds ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.55; p = 0.01). A depression subscale score of 8 or higher was associated with sixfold higher odds of POD (odds ratio 6.00, 95% confidence interval 1.86–19.32; p < 0.01). The continuous association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and preoperative cognitive performance (adjusted odds ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.52; p = 0.03).

Anxiety symptoms were not significantly associated with POD.</p>Discussion<p>Preoperative depressive symptom burden was associated with POD after adjustment for age, sex, and preoperative cognitive performance. Given the limited number of POD events, these findings should be interpreted cautiously but may support further evaluation of depressive symptom screening as an adjunct to perioperative geriatric risk stratification.</p>Clinical Trial registration<p>This study was prospectively registered on 1 March 2018 via ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03486288).</p>