The effect of e-liquids and electronic cigarette vapour extract (ECVE) on key respiratory pathogens

The vaping of the e-liquids indicated that PGVG and flavours had significant effects on biofilm formation in bacteria. Additionally, e-cigarette vapour extract (ECVE) exposure modified the expression of two PA virulence factors, pyoverdine and pyocyanin. The chemical components of e-liquids components can act as environmental stressors resulting in modification of important bacterial virulence factors. <br><br>Exposing respiratory bacteria to ECVE or cigarette smoke extract (CSE) before infection was found to result in significant increases and decreases in the release of IL-8 and IL-6 and activation of NF-κB in human cells.

The degree of effect on cell inflammation appeared to be dependent on the bacterial isolate and whether it was exposed to ECVE or CSE. The exposure of respiratory isolates to ECVE or CSE can modulate the host immune response to infection. <br><br>Overall, the study shows that e-cigarette exposure can induce changes in key respiratory pathogens associated with chronic lung diseases. These changes could impact host-bacterial interactions and may increase bacterial persistence and inflammatory potential.