Research Progress on DNA Damage Repair and Metabolic Response Mechanisms of Microbial Radiation Mutagenesis and Their Application in Breeding

This paper systematically reviews current microbial radiation mutagenesis techniques, including ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, α-particles, β-rays, γ-rays, heavy ion beams, proton beams, neutron beams, atmospheric-pressure room-temperature plasma, and space breeding.

It analyzes the energy characteristics and mutagenic efficiency of different radiation types. Radiation mutagenesis harnesses the energy of radiation to penetrate cells and directly or indirectly cause DNA damage in microorganisms. During the repair of these random lesions, cells introduce base errors, insertions, deletions, or rearrangements, thereby generating gene mutations.