Few-shot Learning-driven discovery of Lutein suppresses Th1-mediated inflammation via glucose metabolism

In this study, we addressed these challenges by establishing a high-precision screening platform, which leverages transfer learning to recognize the key 3D molecular features of T cell inhibitors.

Using this approach, we identified Lutein as a novel, specific immunomodulatory agent from a natural product library. Integrated multi-omics analyses revealed that Lutein activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), suppressing glucose uptake and glycolysis, thereby selectively inhibiting Th1 cell differentiation. In a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of ulcerative colitis, Lutein treatment significantly restored Th1-mediated immune balance and alleviated pathological tissue damage.