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Table · dataset · 2022

MW Project: DR2 "yellow balls" in Spitzer

Listed in IVOA Registry (Virtual Observatory)

Yellowballs (YBs) were first discovered during the Milky Way Project (MWP) citizen science initiative.

Description

The MWP users noticed compact, yellow regions in Spitzer Space Telescope mid-infrared (MIR) images of the Milky Way plane and asked professional astronomers to explain these "yellow balls." Follow-up work by Kerton+ (2015, J/ApJ/799/153) determined that YBs likely trace compact photodissociation regions associated with massive and intermediate-mass star formation.

The YBs were included as target objects in a version of the MWP launched in 2016, which produced a listing of over 6000 YB locations. We have measured distances, cross-match associations, physical properties, and MIR colors of ~500 YBs within a pilot region covering the l=30{deg}-40{deg}, b={+/-}1{deg} region of the Galactic plane. We find that ~20-30% of YBs in our pilot region contain high-mass star formation capable of becoming expanding HII regions that produce MIR bubbles.

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A majority of YBs represent intermediate-mass star-forming regions whose placement in evolutionary diagrams suggest they are still actively accreting and may be precursors to optically revealed Herbig Ae/Be nebulae. Many of these intermediate-mass YBs were missed by surveys of massive star formation tracers; thus, this catalog provides information for many new sites of star formation.

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Where it is published

Documentation and papers

Catalogue records · 2

Topics

Stated by source
Infrared · Radio
Inferred from text
Image 65%
Provenance · 1 source records, 10 field assertions
SourceKeyLast seenRaw
IVOA Registry (Virtual Observatory)ivo://cds.vizier/j/apj/911/2815 d agoJSON v1
FieldAssertionExtractorEvidence
access_levelsource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0
concepts[field].local:field:astronomymapping · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0
concepts[modality].ivoa_waveband:infraredsource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0
concepts[modality].ivoa_waveband:radiosource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0
concepts[modality].local:modality:imageenrichment · IVOA Registrykeyword-concept-rules@1.0.0title+description (65%)
descriptionsource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0rr.resource.res_description
license_textsource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0
publication_datesource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0
titlesource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0rr.resource.res_title
updated_datesource · IVOA Registryconnector:ivoa_registry@1.0.0