Comparative Performance Assessment of Li Batteries with Solid and Highly Concentrated Electrolytes for Aviation Applications

These cells require electrolytes that not only are stable but that also ensure reliable battery performance under dynamic load conditions. This study employs a physicochemical model to evaluate and compare the electrochemical performance of cells using different cathodic electrolytes: hybrid solid electrolytes, highly concentrated liquid electrolytes, and ionic liquids (ILs).

To isolate the intrinsic behavior of each electrolyte under ideal conditions, the evaluation deliberately excludes side reactions, interfacial stability, and contact limitations, focusing solely on gravimetric energy, power output, and mission performance theoretically achievable with such cells. Cells with LiFSI as salt, ILhydrofluoroether (HFE) as cathode electrolyte or with LiFSA as salt and sulfolane-HFE show superior performance and require less battery mass for aircraft use.