<p>Largest Lyapunov exponent spectrum.</p>

<p>The exponent as a function of for the Caputo-Fabrizio Thomas system (<i>q</i> = 0.98, ), computed from the exact variational (tangent) recurrence of the two step scheme. The shaded band is the small positive floor (about 0.008) induced by the finite step size in regular regimes; green markers denote regular (periodic or quasi-periodic) motion within the floor and red markers denote chaotic motion clearly above it. The structure matches the bifurcation diagram of <a href="plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0358480#pone.0358480.g010" target="_blank">Fig 10</a> window for window, including the period-3 window near .</p>