Input and Output Balance of Heavy Metals (Cd, Cu, Pb) in Arable Soils in Atmospheric Deposition Area of Typical Smelter-- DataSet

To investigate the mass balance characteristics of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) in arable soils in different atmospheric deposition areas, this study focused on the arable soils (0-20 cm) of Guixi Smelter with main wind direction at 34 km (background site), 6 km (moderate deposition site) and 1 km (high deposition site) were selected as the research objects. The main input (atmospheric deposition, irrigation water, pesticides, and fertilizers) and output pathways (surface runoff, leaching water, and grain harvest) were monitored and quantitatively analyzed for three years by using the chemical mass balance (CMB) method.

The relative contribution of different potential sources to heavy metals in arable soil was quantitatively analyzed. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA using Excel 2021 and SPSS 20.0. Table 1 shows the basic chemical properties of farmland soil in the background area, medium settlement area, and high settlement area (7 columns and 4 rows), including pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, total cadmium, total copper, and total lead. Table 2 shows the estimation of the proportion of input and output pathways of heavy metals in farmland soil in the background area, medium settlement area, and high settlement area (11 columns and 8 rows), including the proportion of each input and output pathway (atmospheric sedimentation, irrigation water, pesticide fertilizers, surface runoff, soil leaching, and grain removal). Table 3-Table 5 show the heavy metal input and output fluxes of agricultural soils in the background site, moderate deposition site, and high deposition site (11 columns and 8 rows).