<p>Timeline of data collection activities.</p>

Landcover classification was performed to provide insights into vegetation coverage and other landscape features in the study area. Multivariate modelling explored associations between environmental and household factors, and <i>Ae. aegypti</i> density. Of the 303 recovered ovitraps, 85 (55.6%) indoor and 123 (82.0%) outdoor were positive for eggs, with a total of 11,211 <i>Ae. aegypti</i> eggs recorded.

Environmental factors strongly associated with egg abundance included ovitrap location, garbage deposited in front of the house, proximity (within 10 m) to an open sewer, and the presence of open plastic containers in the peri-domestic environment. No significant spatial clustering of mosquito egg density was observed. Breeding was most prolific in the peri-domestic environment, highlighting the importance of keeping these areas clean and well-managed.

Improving waste disposal, water storage practices, and sanitation infrastructure could enhance the effectiveness of vector control. These findings provide evidence to inform integrated strategies for reducing arboviral disease risk in disadvantaged urban settings.</p></div>