Seasonal and QBO variations in the OH nightglow emission observed by TIMED/SABER

The latitudinal variations of the SAO, AO, and QBO in the peak emission rate are similar to those in the intensity. For the peak emission rate and the intensity, the SAO and QBO amplitudes have three peaks (one at the equator and others at about 35°S and 35°N).

The AO amplitude peaks at about 20°S and 20°N, respectively. The SAO phase is delayed poleward from the equinoxes at the equator to the solstices at 50°S/N in addition, the phases of the AO are delayed poleward from 30°S. For the peak height, the SAO and QBO amplitudes have three peaks (around the equator, 40°S, and 40°N). Its AO amplitudes at 50°S and 50°N are larger than those at other latitudes; the phase of the SAO shifts from the solstice at the equator to near the equinoxes at 50°S/N. The airglow QBO is stronger in tropics than midlatitude and is likely the real QBO oscillation at the equator.