Low-Round Federated Learning via Feature Synthesis and Hard-Sample-Driven Enhancement

Among them, CIFAR-10 contains 10 categories and a total of 60000 32 × 32 color images. CIFAR-100 can be expanded to 100 categories under the same data scale, which can reflect more complex fine-grained classification scenarios; SVHN is derived from real street view digital images and has a strong practical application background.

The three types of datasets cover basic image classification, fine-grained visual recognition, and real-world digital recognition tasks, and can evaluate the algorithm's generalization ability and applicability from different perspectives. To simulate the heterogeneous features of data in federated learning, the experiment used Dirichlet distribution to partition the training data into client and controlled the Non IID degree by adjusting the parameter α.