Replication Data for: Learning from Mixing Power Curves: A Long Short-Term Memory-Based Soft Sensor for Online Assessment of Fresh Concrete Consistency

Mixing power curves Synthetic mixing curves with a fixed sequence length (90 time steps). Each curve represents the electrical power consumption of a single (hypothetical) mixer over one batch, simulated according to an empirically supported six-stage mixing model. Reference slump flow values Simulated slump flow for each mix, derived from empirical relationships between mix proportions, rheological parameters and slump flow reported in the literature.

Simulation framework Mixing curves are generated using a six-stage concrete mixing kinetics model that captures key transitions such as granule formation, fluidity point and subsequent stabilization of power consumption. Slump flow labels are computed from the mix design and late-stage mixing power values using empirical relationships between mix proportions, rheological parameters, and slump flow. The dataset therefore offers a controlled environment to test whether and how sequence models can learn to infer fresh concrete consistency from the temporal development of mixing power, beyond what can be obtained from mix proportions and single end-of-mixing power values.

Intended use The dataset is designed for: Pretraining and benchmarking sequence models (e.g. LSTM, GRU, transformers) Comparing sequence-based and static models for consistency prediction Method development for online quality assessment in concrete production Teaching and demonstration of AI methods in civil / materials engineering Variable Definition torque_x: A series of 90 time-steps reflecting the mixer's power consumption from start until end of mixing.

One value per time-step. water, cement, filler, aggregate: (content of given mix constituents) slump flow value: The slump flow value based on the mix proportion as well as the power consumption in mixing stage VI Variable definitions, units and simulation parameters are documented in greater detail in the related publication. Version history 2025-03: Initial upload. 2025-12: Updated version of the dataset including minor fixes and an updated terminology / naming convention across the board.