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Table · dataset · 2026

Supplementary file 1_How have contemporary studies evaluating self-help digital mental health interventions for young people monitored and reported on adverse events and harms?: a systematic scoping review.docx

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Background<p>Many digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) can be effective in reducing symptoms of common mental health problems in young people and can overcome many barriers to accessing treatment.

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These are most scalable when offered as self-help. However, all mental health interventions have the potential to cause harm, and this should be monitored.</p>Aim<p>To identify current practices and gaps in safety reporting, we systematically mapped how adverse events have been monitored and reported in contemporary studies evaluating self-guided DMHIs for young people.</p>Method<p>We conducted a systematic scoping review.

Two databases were searched for relevant studies published between 2019 and 2024. We synthesised the findings narratively, drawing on content analysis to identify patterns.</p>Results<p>We included 37 studies, 12 (32.4%) of which described how they assessed adverse events (AEs). AEs were identified through worsening on wellbeing/psychometric measures, measures of risk and suicidal ideation/behaviour, participants self-identifying AEs, and parental reporting of AEs.

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Additionally, some studies reported on the proportion of participants experiencing AEs, with 8 (21.6%) studies reporting adverse events as an outcome. The most commonly occurring AEs reported were hospitalisation, treatment non-response, depressive symptoms, and significant worsening of symptoms (each 5.4% respectively). Other AEs reported were self-harm, substance misuse, anxiety symptoms, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempt and headaches (each 2.7% respectively).</p>Conclusion<p>Despite the potential for adverse events to occur while young people are using self-guided DMHIs, our review highlighted a gap in the monitoring of and reporting of adverse events in these kinds of intervention studies.</p>

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