Investigation of new paradigms in computational microwave imaging: from aperture design to mode selection techniques

Instead of mechanical scanning or costly phase-shifter networks, CMI relies on frequency- and spatial-diverse measurement modes that encode scene information into the received signals. High-quality images can then be reconstructed from a reduced number of measurements, lowering both acquisition time and hardware complexity.<br><br>This thesis investigates new paradigms in CMI design with emphasis on aperture architecture, measurement mode optimization, and resolution enhancement.

In particular, reflectarray-based metasurface antennas are developed to generate low-correlated radiation patterns, enabling efficient computational imaging. The integration of dual-polarization and frequency diversity further expands the available degrees of freedom, improving image fidelity. Additionally, mode selection strategies are explored to balance reconstruction quality against hardware and computational efficiency.<br><br>The proposed approaches are validated through full-wave simulations and experimental demonstrations.