Checklist of the Mammal Species of Spain - 2025

The explicitly defined inclusion categories and criteria are: i) mammal species with wild populations that breed or complete part of their life cycle within the territories described in the study area; ii) species that meet the previous criterion but are currently extinct, with reliable records of their presence after 1500 CE; and iii) occasional species that reach the study area naturally.

Established exclusion categories include: i) domestic species, including those that reproduce naturally in the wild; ii) species that only have captive breeding populations; and iii) introduced or escaped species into the study area that do not currently have wild breeding populations.