Household data small-scale irigation systems in Northern Ghana 2014

Cooperativeness is measured by two indicators, one indicator derived from an experiment and the other obtained from a survey. We distinguish the governance perceptions of users into six main components.

We consistently find for both indicators that cooperativeness is lower when users perceive that their water user association (WUA) is more successful in resolving conflicts. We also find that perceptions of accountability, transparency, and participation in governance jointly affect cooperativeness in a positive way, but collinearity problems refrain us from identifying which component(s) do(es) so. Type of leadership—whether or not the WUA leader was democratically elected—does not have a significant effect on cooperativeness, while having received irrigation-related training positively affects cooperativeness as measured by labor contributions to scheme maintenance.