β‑d‑Arabinofuranose-configured Cyclitol Aziridines as Selective, Brain-penetrant Covalent GBA2 Inhibitors

Neutral glucosylceramidase GBA2 is a retaining β-d-glucosidase involved in sphingolipid metabolism and implicated in neurological lysosomal storage disorders, yet the lack of highly selective chemical inhibitors has hindered efforts to disentangle its function from that of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) and lysosomal glucosylceramidase (GBA1). Here, we report the development of the first brain-penetrant, covalent inhibitor that selectively inactivates GBA2 in <i>vivo</i>.

Building on β-d-arabinofuranose-configured (β-d-<i>Araf</i>) cyclitol aziridine activity-based probes previously shown to covalently and selectively label GBA2, we designed and synthesized a focused library of electrophile-bearing cyclitols, including epoxides, cyclic sulfates, and a diverse set of <i>N</i>-alkyl aziridines. Biochemical evaluation of their inhibitory activity against GBA1, GBA2, GBA3 and GCS revealed that several <i>N</i>-alkyl aziridines are highly selective, nanomolar GBA2 inhibitors.