<p>Functional enrichment analysis links FABP5 to immune activation and NF-κB signaling pathways.</p>

(B) Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEGs, showing significant biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC), and molecular functions (MF) related to immune regulation. (C) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis highlighting immune-related pathways associated with FABP5 expression, such as cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling, Th1/Th2 and Th17 cell differentiation, B cell receptor signaling, NF-κB signaling, PI3K–Akt signaling, T cell receptor signaling, IL-17 signaling, and JAK–STAT signaling.

(D) Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between FABP5 expression and cancer inflammatory gene signatures. (E) Heatmap showing co-upregulation of NF-κB pathway genes (NF-κB1, NF-κB2, RELA) in FABP5-high tumors.</p>