A single ice approach using varying ice particle properties in global climate model microphysics

Evaluation using single column simulations indicated that the new approach increased the ice water content (IWC) in high clouds during dry period, which is improved compared to available retrievals. Global atmospheric simulations using the new approach give an overall comparable mean climate with notable improvement in terms of clouds and their radiative forcing. Both longwave and shortwave cloud forcing are closer to observations due to more realistic IWC, liquid water content, and cloud top height.

Furthermore, the new approach yields slightly better representation of mixed-phase clouds when a smaller capacitance for nonspherical particles is used in the ice depositional growth parameterization. Overall, the physically based single-ice approach is a promising direction for future GCM microphysics development given its simplified representation of microphysical processes and flexible description of ice particle properties.