Captured QBO-MJO connection in a subseasonal prediction system

However, this relationship is poorly represented in the current generation climate models. For the first time, this paper applies a stratospheric zonal-mean nudging in a subseasonal prediction system to capture it.

Two strong MJO cases in a QBO-neutral winter are investigated. The QBO temperature and zonal wind anomalies are added separately as well as together to the stratosphere using nudging in MJO case hindcast. Only by nudging the QBO temperature anomalies while leaving the zonal wind free, can the prediction system capture the observed QBO-MJO connection.