Data · dataset · 2016
An efficient and portable SIMD algorithm for charge/current deposition in Particle-In-Cell codes
Listed in Teesside University Research Data Repository
In current computer architectures, data movement (from die to network) is by far the most energy consuming part of an algorithm (≈20pJ/word on-die to ≈10,000 pJ/word on the network).
Description
To increase memory locality at the hardware level and reduce energy consumption related to data movement, future exascale computers tend to use many-core processors on each compute nodes that will have a reduced clock speed to allow for efficient cooling.
To compensate for frequency decrease, machine vendors are making use of long SIMD instruction registers that are able to process multiple data with one arithmetic operator in one clock cycle. SIMD register length is expected to double every four years. As a consequence, Particle-In-Cell (PIC) codes will have to achieve good vectorization to fully take advantage of these upcoming architectures.
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In this paper, we present a new algorithm that allows for efficient and portable SIMD vectorization of current/charge deposition routines that are, along with the field gathering routines, among the most time consuming parts of the PIC algorithm. Our new algorithm uses a particular data structure that takes into account memory alignement constraints and avoids gather/scatter instructions that can significantly affect vectorization performances on current CPUs.
The new algorithm was successfully implemented in the 3D skeleton PIC code PICSAR and tested on Haswell Xeon processors (AVX2-256 bits wide data registers). Results show a factor of ×2 to ×2.5 speed-up in double precision for particle shape factor of order 1–3. The new algorithm can be applied as is on future KNL (Knights Landing) architectures that will include AVX-512 instruction sets with 512 bits register lengths (8 doubles/16 singles).
Links
Where it is published
- DOI doi.org/10.17632/nh77fv9k8c.1 ↗
DOI / persistent id · from researchdata tees ac uk
Catalogue records · 1
- OAI-PMH record data.mendeley.com/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_dc&identifier=oai%3Adata… ↗
metadata API · from researchdata tees ac uk
Topics
- From keywords
- Earth & Environmental Science · Engineering · Humanities · Life Sciences · Social Science
- Inferred from text
- Communications engineering 72%
Provenance · 1 source records, 11 field assertions
| Source | Key | Last seen | Raw |
|---|---|---|---|
| Teesside University Research Data Repository | oai:data.mendeley.com/nh77fv9k8c.1 | 11 d ago | JSON v1 |
| Field | Assertion | Extractor | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| access_level | source · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].anzsrc:group:4006 | enrichment · researchdata tees ac uk | taxonomy-embedding@1.0.0 | title+keywords+description (72%) |
| concepts[field].local:field:earth-environmental | mapping · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:engineering | mapping · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:humanities | mapping · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:life-sciences | mapping · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| concepts[field].local:field:social-science | mapping · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| description | source · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | /metadata/dc/description |
| license_text | source · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| publication_date | source · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | |
| title | source · researchdata tees ac uk | connector:researchdata_tees_ac_uk@1.0.0 | /metadata/dc/title |