The Learning Together intervention: study data from three surveys in the INCLUSIVE cluster randomised controlled trial

Components of the Learning Together intervention included staff training in restorative practice, facilitated school action groups, and a student social and emotional skills curriculum. Primary outcomes, measured at 36 months, were: self-reported experience of bullying victimisation measured using the Gatehouse Bullying Scale (GBS) and perpetration of aggression measured using the Edinburgh Study of Youth Transitions and Crime (ESYTC) school misbehaviour subscale.

Secondary outcomes were: GBS and ESYTC scores at 24 months; quality of life measured with the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, wellbeing measured with the validated Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, psychological problems measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, bullying perpetration measured with the Modified Aggression Scale bullying subscale, substance use assessed using validated age-appropriate questions about cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and illicit drug use taken from national surveys, sexual risk behaviour (age of sexual debut and use of contraception at first sex), use of NHS health services (self-reported use of primary care, accident and emergency, or other service in the past 12 months), and contact with police (self-report of being stopped, reprimanded, or picked up by the police in the past 12 months), all measured at 36 months.