Palaeogene Bioistratigraphy, Heard Island

However, data are sparse, the results very tentative, and there is conflict in places between onshore and offshore evidence.

Results suggest that changes towards the present glacial regime were later and more rapid than had been envisaged earlier. While the above examples provide some firm data on Pliocene palaeoenvironments, other studies, for example of diatoms from sediments near Casey Station, provide tantalising glimpses of support for the concept of warm environments.