Resistance-based exercise restores muscle health in dialysis patients

The IF analysis revealed increased protein expression of muscle differentiation markers, including myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD), myosin heavy chain (MyoH), myogenin, desmin, dystrophin, and enolase 3. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that exercise upregulated proteins such as mitochondrial encoded cytochrome c oxidase III (MTCO3) and aconitase 2 (ACO2), which are involved in the oxidation of organic compounds and mitochondrial function in muscle.

Moreover, we observed that exercise increased the protein expression of glucose transporter protein types 1 and 4 (GLUT1 and GLUT-4), glycogen synthase 1 and 2 (GYS1 and GYS2), and fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1), which participate in energy production through glucose uptake, glycogenesis, and fatty acid metabolism, respectively. These results suggest that personalized resistance-based muscle therapy in dialysis patients promotes the expression of genes and proteins associated with muscle stemness, regeneration, differentiation, and energy generation.