Caloric Restriction Reprograms Skeletal Muscle Molecular Pathways in Non-Human Primates: Potential Relevance to Human Aging Biology

Genes that were overexpressed were mainly involved in pathways related to energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, signaling, and oxidative stress response. Conversely, underexpressed genes were connected to immune response, extracellular matrix organization, apoptosis, and ribosomal RNA processing.

Further, we identify alternative splicing as a major mechanism by which caloric restriction modulates genes involved in muscle function, metabolism, and aging.