Systematic errors in weather and climate models: Nature, origins, and ways forward

This workshop offered a forum to identify systematic errors and physical processes that are not well represented in current weather and climate models. The program was organized around six themes: the coupled atmosphere-land-ocean-cryosphere system; errors in the representation of clouds and precipitation; resolution issues, including the representation of processes in the so-called gray zones; model errors in ensembles; errors in the simulation of teleconnections between the high/midlatitudes and tropics; and novel metrics and diagnostics.