The data of the article "Enhanced flood activity in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the Medieval Warm Period--Little Ice Age transition recorded in lake sediments and their driving mechanisms"

The data were derived from sediment core FTH-C (86 cm, sampled at 1-cm intervals, spanning approximately 1170~2021 A.D.) retrieved from Futou Lake in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

The dataset comprises the following files:Raw grain-size distribution data: volume percentage data of each grain-size fraction (clay, silt, sand) measured by laser diffraction;Grain-size parameters: mean grain size, median grain size, sorting coefficient, skewness, and kurtosis calculated following Folk & Ward (1957);QGrain component separation data: contents and time series of four grain-size components (C1 clay, C2 fine silt, C3 medium-to-coarse silt, C4 sand) decomposed from bulk sediments using the grain-size distribution function method (Weibull function fitting), along with the lg(C2-C3) index developed as a proxy for flood intensity;FTH-112 age model and radiocarbon dating report: AMS¹⁴C dating result (sample FTH-C112, 375±20 a B.P., calibrated calendar age 498-325 cal. a B.P. via IntCal20), age-depth model data established using Bacon software, and the original dating report from the laboratory.This dataset can be used to reconstruct the paleoflood evolution history in the middle Yangtze River over the past ~850 years and to investigate flood activity characteristics and driving mechanisms during the Medieval Warm Period-Little Ice Age climate transition, providing fundamental data support for understanding extreme flood responses under climate change.