Metabolomic dataset of subcellular uranium partitioning and metabolic reprogramming in rice roots modulated by transport inhibitors

Data quality and group separation were validated by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).Key findings from this dataset reveal that U treatment alone induced 55 differential metabolites (37 upregulated and 18 downregulated), primarily affecting starch and sucrose metabolism and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. AgNO₃ co-treatment triggered 199 differential metabolites (16 upregulated and 183 downregulated), broadly suppressing pathways related to amino acid metabolism, ABC transporters, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.

Glycerol co-treatment resulted in 93 differential metabolites (21 upregulated and 72 downregulated), with upregulation of TCA cycle intermediates and ether lipid metabolism alongside suppression of amino acid and nucleotide metabolism, reflecting a metabolic trade-off prioritizing energy production over biosynthesis.This dataset provides fundamental data supporting research on phytoremediation of U-contaminated farmlands, safe rice production, and the regulatory mechanisms of metabolic acclimation to heavy metal stress.