Our World in Data, CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions
Annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry, population and inflation-adjusted GDP by country and year, as compiled by Our World in Data from the Global Carbon Budget and the Maddison Project.
3,105 rows · 2018–2022 · 207 countries · version 1, 2026-10-13
Harmonized · first 8 of 3,105 rows
| country | year | measure | value | unit | as published | published unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 2018 | Annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry | 10,192,000 | tonnes | 10.192 | million tonnes (Mt) |
| Afghanistan | 2018 | Gross domestic product, 2011 international dollars | 65,996,738,862 | international dollars | 65996738862 | international-$ in 2011 prices ($) |
| Afghanistan | 2018 | Total population | 36,743,040 | persons | 36743040 | people |
| Afghanistan | 2019 | Annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry | 10,400,000 | tonnes | 10.4 | million tonnes (Mt) |
| Afghanistan | 2019 | Gross domestic product, 2011 international dollars | 73,085,701,943 | international dollars | 73085701943 | international-$ in 2011 prices ($) |
| Afghanistan | 2019 | Total population | 37,856,125 | persons | 37856125 | people |
| Afghanistan | 2020 | Annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry | 11,119,000 | tonnes | 11.119 | million tonnes (Mt) |
| Afghanistan | 2020 | Gross domestic product, 2011 international dollars | 71,417,706,295 | international dollars | 71417706295 | international-$ in 2011 prices ($) |
As published by the source · first 8 of 1,270 rows
| country | year | iso code | population | gdp | co2 | co2 per capita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 2018 | AFG | 36,743,040 | 65,996,738,862 | 10.192 | 0.277 |
| Afghanistan | 2019 | AFG | 37,856,125 | 73,085,701,943 | 10.4 | 0.275 |
| Afghanistan | 2020 | AFG | 39,068,977 | 71,417,706,295 | 11.119 | 0.285 |
| Afghanistan | 2021 | AFG | 40,000,410 | 56,638,852,656 | 9.869 | 0.247 |
| Afghanistan | 2022 | AFG | 40,578,847 | 53,303,471,617 | 10.17 | 0.251 |
| Africa | 2018 | — | 1,314,609,397 | — | 1,391.187 | 1.06 |
| Africa | 2019 | — | 1,347,162,538 | — | 1,456.083 | 1.082 |
| Africa | 2020 | — | 1,379,939,686 | — | 1,369.249 | 0.993 |
Full data
3,105 rows as CSV or Parquet, with SQL access and the source of every row. Premium access required.
What was done to this data
- Collected
- 1 file from Our World in Data (Global Change Data Lab), retrieved 2026-10-13. Each is kept unchanged and identified by its SHA-256.
- Parsed
- 1,270 rows of owid_co2_country_year. Every record was readable.
- Places matched
- 206 by identifier code and 1 by exact name to one registry of countries and country groups. 235 rows for 47 names that matched nothing with certainty are held back, not guessed.
- Measures defined
- population is Total population, in person; co2 is Annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and industry, in tonne (converted from megatonne, ×1,000,000); gdp is Gross domestic product, 2011 international dollars, in international dollar. Each is tied to a written definition of what it measures.
- Left out on purpose
- gdp was not treated as Gross domestic product, current US dollars: currency basis: the source reports international_dollar_ppp, the variable gdp_current_usd is current_usd, and no transformation is declared.
- Periods
- Each year becomes an explicit interval, 1 January to 1 January, on the calendar year.
- Missing values
- 230 of 3,105 values the source does not report are kept as missing, never as zero.
- Checked
- Every row has a unique key and names the file line it came from. Version 1, published 2026-10-13.
Columns
| country | string | country · name | Country, region or income group, by the publisher's name for it. |
| year | int | calendar year | |
| iso_code | string | country · iso3 | ISO 3166-1 alpha-3; empty for regions, income groups and a few territories. |
| population | float | measure · person | People. |
| gdp | float | measure · international dollar | International dollars at 2011 prices. |
| co2 | float | measure · megatonne | Million tonnes of CO2, excluding land-use change. |
| co2_per_capita | float | measure · tonne per person | Tonnes of CO2 per person. |
Sources
Our World in Data, CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions (2025), based on the Global Carbon Budget and others · CC-BY-4.0