A human endometrium-on-chip platform for functional assessment of luminal epithelial receptivity

Current clinical assessments rely largely on transcriptomic markers, despite limited evidence that these predict functional implantation outcomes. Here, we present a human endometrium-on-chip model that enables controlled hormonal priming and quantitative measurement of blastoid attachment to patient-derived luminal epithelium.

We show that hormonally primed epithelial monolayers maintain attachment competence across extended progesterone exposure, indicating a sustained permissive state rather than a sharply defined window of implantation. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a continuous maturation trajectory that is decoupled from functional adhesion. The model further recapitulates localized epithelial remodeling at blastoid contact sites.